Mergenthaler, inventor of the Linotype

Ottmar Mergenthaler, a German who emigrated to the US, is sometimes called the second Johannes Gutenberg, because he was the inventor of the Linotype. The Linotype is a typesetting machine for newspapers (later also for books and magazines) which replaced handsetting. The Linotype ensured that the production of newspapers and books was much cheaper and faster. Mergenthaler gave mass production an enormous boost with the Linotype. He built the first Linotype in 1884 and on 3 July 1886 the first New York Tribune was printed using the Linotype.
The Linotype principle is that it produces an entire line of metal type at once, hence a line-o’-type, a significant improvement over the previous industry standard, i.e., manual, letter-by-letter typesetting using a composing stick and drawers of letters. Before the Linotype newspapers were never more than 8 pages long. So this technology has had a major influence on the graphics industry. It was in use until 1978, with a whopping 100,000 Linotypes in use in 1954.